Why people need to breath? After we digestion food, our body can mainly gain glucose, fat and protein. To make these become energy which support our body, they need to be transit to all parts of our body through blood and then experience oxidation process. Therefore we need to absorb oxygen from the inhaled air.
When a person inhale smoke: the diaphragm moves downwards increasing the volume of the chest cavity, and the intercostals muscles pull the ribs up expanding the rib cage and further increasing this volume. This increase of volume lowers the air pressure in the alveoli to below atmospheric pressure. Because air always flows from a region of high pressure to a region of lower pressure. This is called negative pressure breathing, changing the pressure inside the lungs relative to the pressure of the outside atmosphere. In contrast to inspiration, during expiration the diaphragm and intercostal muscles relax. This returns the thoracic cavity to its original volume, increasing the air pressure in the lungs, and forcing the air out.
Negative pressure breathing can be also seen as that we have to let the air which comes from our surrounding area get into our chest. We cannot breathe in air which are on the other side of world, thus we cannot always choose the best quality air.
The liquid and gaseous effluents produced from sugar industry have adverse impact on ecosystem and environment due to their high BOD load and toxic constituents according to Sugar Tech magazine. The sugar factory in Silvertown create big amount of carbon dioxide, although there is a new biomass boiler introduced to the refinery, and it expected to slash carbon emissions from energy use by 25 per cent in less than two years. No matter how much pollution it can reduce, it will not be zero. The surrounding areas contain large number of residence, highways, The City Airport etc. These areas are negatively breathing in the gaseous effluents that come from the sugar factory every day, like our lungs.

Nat Chard drew our attention towards the body- almost a piece of urbanism. He calculated flow rates for blood, air, food and fluids. The system duplicated the existing organs that are most closely associated with the most programmatic sites relating architecture to the body. A person wearing the architecture in a position to take an accompanying x-ray, that reveals new organs inside (x-ray). Researched an urbanist and found out that the internal architecture work hard to make interior feel continuous with the outside world, give autonomy. Change the default setting for organs cause some effects on the city. By changing the performance of the body you necessarily change the city.
The whole area in Silvertown also can be seen as that it is constructed by different organs, residences, airport, highways, sugar factory… residents, travelers, workers in sugar factories… are new organs inside. They are affecting each other closely. However, unlike Nat Chard’s study, there is no such an autonomy system inside this area to help it to balance. The city has changed it default setting, the inside organs need a device to work out for the best solution for gaseous effluents produced from sugar industry.

3-D Map of Air Pollution in London

Map

Soot gets in your eyes

Back in the early 1900s, Claude Monet painted a series of pictures of his impressions of London. At that time London was a smokier place than it is today because people burned coal for heat, lots of coal! The sky was generally dark with pollution, and Monet recorded that in his paintings. I think he had soot in his eyes.
The Great Smog befell London starting on December 4, 1952, and lasted until March of 1953. It was a great disaster that killed thousands and formed an important impetus to the modern environmental movement.

Breathing landscape

London wetland centre
Area: 42 hectares

Animals:

180 species of birds

8 species of bats

500 species of moths + butterflies

Wetland features:

Land was formerly occupied by several small reservoirs

Marshy areas = much moisture in the soil

Have a natural supply of water—Thames River

Wetland ----intermediaries between terrestrial and aquatic eccsystems

Functions:

1. wetlands prevent flooding by holding water, help keep river levels normal and filter and purify the surface of water

2.accept water during storms

3. release vegetative water into rivers—helps feed fish ---balance the human effect on river

4.animal migration + reproduction

Overall : control water flow + cleanse the system

Positive impact on London area

If hot spring is built--- (further connect people and the nature)

ecosystem will change:

wetland : muck filled breeding grounds for pets and dangerous disease.
Affect people in hot springs

Swaps—moving streams,
Dynamic areas

Sometimes are water
Sometimes are land or both

-----daily cycle in wetland water temperature will change , as hot spring
Water will also go back to there reservoirs

-----energy and heat transfer to the air, loss from ecosystem.
------ affect species in wetlands

-----more people enter the wetland may make species feel unsafe--- start to migrate
-----find suitable temperature for both animals inside and people in “hot water”


More information:

Overall numbers of ducks, geese, swans and wading birds spending winter in the uk have doubled since the 1970s -----climate change appears

Hot spring:

Heated air around the energy and heat, and these air will speed widely into the whole wetland ecosystem. Therefore ,helps birds and other species go through the dry and cold weather.

Control the movement of soil

Explore the base environment

When the wind blowing, the driven fluctuations in lake

I am doing some work to change the base of the landscape. Can imagine the effect of fog on the lake.

Base Observation

9AM

1PM

3PM

5PM

water pollution

Found that rocks

Data on air quality and climate conditions

3D map

Air pullotion

Air temperature

Rainfall

Wind direction

Project Base

context map

planar graph

Ice in the picture represents the ecosystem in the earth while smoke represents too much carbon dioxide and methane or other polluted gases in the air. The heated and polluted air expand quickly in the space, the movement of these gas molecule affects the original pure air molecule and finally cause the damage of the earth.

After we find out the features and movements of the mixed air, we are able to control and use them in a better way, for instance, we can research who will be benefit from the carbon dioxide or methane, to make the greenhouse gases become popular.

Following the flow and movement of the gas in the space, we can divide the gas into different levels: white lines are demonstrating our normal living environment; the colored lines are describing heated or polluted air space which is not suitable for survival. The ways of air flow are different and the air may experience different pollution under different climates and in various geographical locations (Island, highland etc.).

Observation of gases

I used a glass bottle to create a space to explore the relationship between gas and the climate.
The left picture is symbolizing a space of pure air. We can observe the flow of air molecules.
The right one is showing that when heated gas entered into the space, and these gases had impacts on the pure air instantly. We are able to see that the heated gas molecule (pink line) moved quicker than the unheated pure air molecules, also they polluted the pure air, eg. carbon dioxide in the air increase is possibly causing global warming.